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==== Is an increasingly popular yet relatively new application for learning. It consists of all formats of learning and instruction that can be accessed electronically. E-learning is a term to describe out-of-classroom and in-classroom learning by way of technology. It is ultimately the process of transferring skills and knowledge through networks. E-learning applications include: ==== ====All information is delivered through the Internet, satellite television, the intranet and extranet, audio and/or video tape, and thru CD’s. This form of learning can be instructor led or independently done, where individuals can work at their own pace. Throughout this page, you will recieve summaries of information that supports Elearning. You will gain knoweledge that on examples of principles that promotes as well as demotes learning.==== **Summary of text and graphics ** Text alone can work but combined with graphics can make material that much more understandable. Engaging the learner in the cognitive process of material within a lesson opens their minds to exciting ways to learn. Text alone may encourage shallow learning and not encourage the learner to be receptive to other ways of connecting knowledge. Text and graphics have a great partnership if you will giving the learner a wealth of excitement regarding learning. It is important to ensure that graphics support the text and are not just taking up empty space. Graphics that do not support text can cause confusion for the learner defeating the learning goal.
 * E-Learning:**
 * ====Computer-Based learning ====
 * ====Web-based learning ====
 * ====Virtual Learning ====
 * ====Digital collaboration ====


 * Examples of principles (that promote) **

Segmenting principles is a great way of promoting learning by providing the learner with tid bits of information. This principles does not overwhelm the learner but instead gives them small portions to digest slowly. This particular principle would work best for lessons that have many elements to it. If you have a complex lesson to facilitate the segmenting principle would work great and give the learner time to catch on. The facilitator can determine the number of elements in which the material should be broken down based on the complexity of material. If the learner receives too much material at one time from complex material there is a chance for over load. We never want the learner to feel over whelmed there is a chance of losing the learner at that point.


 * Examples of principles (that do not promote) **

The principle of redundancy does not promote learning, never add printed text with narrated graphics. Audio narration and onscreen text do not provide the same effect as graphics explained soley by narration. It is quite necessary to avoid overlapping to avoid confusing and overloading the learner. The learner should not view a screen of text and graphics that will cause more confusion than understanding. Onscreen text in conjunction with onscreen narration can be a recipe for learner disaster. Therefore there must be careful thought put into creating e-learning material being very mindful of the audience in which you will target.

E-learning classes can benefit from multimedia presentations. Multimedia presentations  use a combination of words and graphics to present lessons to students. Graphics can help add substance to dull material and pull out key concepts to enhance learning. Not all graphic included in multimedia presentations help to improve student learning. Graphic used to only to fill blank space and not as learning resource serves no purpose to students. The below list give examples and definitions of graphics that can be used with words in a presentation.
 * ﻿ **
 * <span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 15px;">Using Graphics to Support Learning: **
 * 1) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Decorative graphics **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- a picture or video used to decorate a presentation without enhancing the topic of discussion.
 * 2) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Representational graphics **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- items use that closely resemble the object they depict.
 * 3) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Relational graphics **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- show how two or more things are related in a series of events or steps to get to an end goal.
 * 4) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Organizational graphics **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- visuals use in a presentation to show qualitative relationships among the lesson content.
 * 5) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Transformational **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- show changes in an object over time by using animations to show different stages of a person or object.
 * 6) **<span style="color: #00b0f0; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Interpretive graphics **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">- these graphics add life to intangible objects to make concrete examples.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">

__Contiguity Principle 1__ With the emphasis on graphics and words being used in E-learning, version 1 of the contiguity principle adds evaluates the coordination of where the graphics and words are placed.
 * Contiguity Principle 1 ** -recommends for graphics that correspond with words be placed near each other when on learning via a computer screen.

__Contiguity Principle 2__ E-learning may use narration in multimedia presentation to help add substance to the class materials.
 * Contiguity Principle 2 **- deals with the need to coordinate verbal communication with graphics. This principle recommends graphics and spoken words be displayed at the same time.

__Personalization Principle 1__ E-learning, depending on the environment, may be a formal style or a conversational style. The style that is chosen depends on the audience and material presented.
 * Personalization Principle 1 **- communication in E-learning is done with a conversational style that mirrors one on one human conversation.

__Personalization Principle 2__ E-learning has various characteristics that reach out to the different learning styles that students may have.
 * Personalization Principle 2 **- adds animated technology (cartoon like characters and avatars) to multimedia presentations that appear regularly on the screen.



** The use of Audio in Elearning **
 * ==**<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">Type of Technology **== || ==**<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">Appropriate Use **== || ==**<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">How Audio and Text enhances Learning **== || ==**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">How effective audio might be in the e-learning environment **== ||
 * ** Audio Narration ** || Computer Based Training, Online Classes, E-Books || Adding a human voice helps to motivate an audience and explain complicated materials || Audio narration should only be used when it can bring power to hard to understand materials ||
 * ** Audio Books ** || All learning environments || Sound effects help to bring life to words. || Audio books can be effective in a e-learning environment by helping readers who struggle with reading and improving the student’s vocabulary ||
 * ** Simulations ** || Higher Education, Workplace Training || Sound and text allows students to react to situations which will prepare them for future real interactions || Audio used with simulations will help guide students on the choices they make in the simulations ||
 * ** Virtual Learning Environment ** || Frequently utilized in distance learning but may also be used with a physical learning environment as well. Wikis, blogs RSS and 3D Virtual Learning spaces are new featured systems that utilize VLE || This is a Web 2.0 tool that can be utilized by facilitators to instruct learners. It enhances e-learning by modeling real world education by integrating virtual concepts for homework, test and classes. || VLE provides a collection of tools that assist the learning with peer evaluation, administration of student groups, uploading of content just to name a few. This is effective because it gives the learner the feeling of being right there and can gain ||
 * ** E-learning Elluminate Live! ** || Online virtual classroom tool that provides a real time learning space. This is just like being in a traditional class setting and all that is needed is access to the internet, headphones, and a microphone. || This enhances e-learning by allowing the learner to feel as if they were in an actual brick and mortar building without leaving the comforts of home. Also the interaction with others is great for assisting the learner to thrive towards their educational goal. || Very similar to fact-to-face learner providing the learner with immediate response, feedback and assistance. This is very effective because learners respond to learning that provides immediate feedback regarding course work and or issues. ||
 * ** Skype Camera ** || In Elearning, cameras are used to capture and record images to be viewed by other individuals. It is also used to capture live interactions amongst individuals through the computer. || This feature enhances Elearning because it gives instructors the opportunity to prepare learning that will be visible by the learners. It also enhances student interest with online learning. They are able to see and interact with individuals in the classroom. || This feature is becoming very popular in Elearning. It provides more outlets for instructors to be creative. It also makes learning more intimate by being able to view individuals instead of just talking reading messages from them. ||
 * ** Speakers ** || In Elearning, speakers are attached to the actual computer (the brain) used to provide an outlet to hear recorded or live sound || This feature enhances Elearning by enabling learners to hear information related to the course assignment, student interaction or special features associated with the computer. || Speakers are extremely effective in Elearning. Having speakers helps learners hear sounds that they use on the computer every day. Also many people are utilizing features that can be heard through Microsoft Power Point. To add a little entertainment. ||

====Clark, R.C., & Mayer, R.E. (2008). //E-learning and the science of instruction: Proven guidelines of instruction: Proven guidelines for consumer and designer of multimedia learning.// (2nd ed.) Chapter 3.====

====Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2008). //e-Learning and the Science of Instruction. Proven Guildelinesfor Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning// (2nd ed.). Retrieved from []====

====Clark & Mayer,. (2008). //Examples of Principles That Do Not Promote Learning//. Retrieved from __http://aetteamb541.wikispaces.com/Examples+of+Principles+that+do+not+Promote+Learning__====